Foliar black shank is caused by the same water mold (fungus-like organism) that causes the root/shank phase of black shank. It occurs when heavy rains splash contaminated soil onto lower leaves. While not as commonly observed as systemic black shank, foliar lesions are occasionally observed in fields with heavy black shank pressure. (Photo: Kenneth Seebold, UK)

Foliar black shank is generally observed on lower leaves; lesions are large and circular in shape. (Photo: Kenneth Seebold, UK)

Leaves turn yellow as a result of infections from the black shank pathogen. (Photo: Kenneth Seebold, UK)